Type conversion in Python refers to the process of converting one data type into another. Python provides several built-in functions to perform explicit type conversion (also known as type casting). In some cases, Python automatically converts types, which is known as implicit type conversion.

There are two types of type conversion:

1. Implicit Type Conversion: Automatically performed by Python.
2. Explicit Type Conversion: Performed by the programmer using built-in functions.

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1. Implicit Type Conversion

Python automatically converts one data type to another whenever necessary, without any user intervention. This usually happens when performing operations between different data types.

Example: Implicit Conversion

age = 25      # int
height = 5.9  # float

# Python implicitly converts 'age' to float before addition
combined = age + height
print(combined)
print(type(combined))

Output:

30.9
<class 'float'>

In this example:

• age is an integer, and height is a float.
• When they are added, Python converts age to a float implicitly, so the result is a float.

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2. Explicit Type Conversion

Explicit type conversion is performed manually by using Python's built-in functions. The most commonly used functions for type conversion are:

• int(): Converts a value to an integer.
• float(): Converts a value to a floating-point number.
• str(): Converts a value to a string.
• list(): Converts a value to a list.
• tuple(): Converts a value to a tuple.
• dict(): Converts a value to a dictionary.

Example: Integer to String Conversion

age = 30
name = "Dodagatta Nihar"

# Explicitly convert 'age' to a string to concatenate with 'name'
info = name + " is " + str(age) + " years old."
print(info)

Output:

Dodagatta Nihar is 30 years old.

In this example, age is an integer, but we explicitly convert it to a string using the str() function to concatenate it with the string name.

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