Relational operators (also known as comparison operators) are used in Python to compare two values. The result of a relational operation is a Boolean value: either True or False.

The six relational operators in Python are:

1. Equal to (==)
2. Not equal to (!=)
3. Greater than (>)
4. Less than (<)
5. Greater than or equal to (>=)
6. Less than or equal to (<=)

These operators are frequently used in conditional statements and loops.

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1. Equal to (==)

The == operator checks if two values are equal. If they are, it returns True, otherwise it returns False.

Example:

x = 10
y = 10
result = x == y
print(f"Is {x} equal to {y}? {result}")

Output:

Is 10 equal to 10? True

Real-world Example:

Dodagatta Nihar checks if his age is the same as Harsha’s:

age_nihar = 30
age_harsha = 30
same_age = age_nihar == age_harsha
print(f"Do Dodagatta Nihar and Harsha have the same age? {same_age}")

Output:

Do Dodagatta Nihar and Harsha have the same age? True

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2. Not equal to (!=)

The != operator checks if two values are not equal. If they are not equal, it returns True, otherwise it returns False.

Example:

x = 10
y = 5
result = x != y
print(f"Is {x} not equal to {y}? {result}")

Output:

Is 10 not equal to 5? True

Real-world Example:

Vasanta Kumar checks if the price of two items is different:

item1_price = 150
item2_price = 200
different_price = item1_price != item2_price
print(f"Are the prices of the two items different? {different_price}")

Output:

Are the prices of the two items different? True

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3. Greater than (>)

The > operator checks if the left operand is greater than the right operand. If it is, the result is True, otherwise it’s False.

Example:

x = 20
y = 15
result = x > y
print(f"Is {x} greater than {y}? {result}")

Output:

Is 20 greater than 15? True

Real-world Example:

Harsha checks if his score is higher than Praveen’s:

score_harsha = 95
score_praveen = 89
higher_score = score_harsha > score_praveen
print(f"Does Harsha have a higher score than Praveen? {higher_score}")

Output:

Does Harsha have a higher score than Praveen? True

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4. Less than (<)

The < operator checks if the left operand is less than the right operand. If it is, it returns True, otherwise it returns False.

Example:

x = 8
y = 12
result = x < y
print(f"Is {x} less than {y}? {result}")

Output:

Is 8 less than 12? True

Real-world Example:

Dodagatta Nihar checks if the temperature today is lower than yesterday:

temp_today = 28
temp_yesterday = 32
cooler_today = temp_today < temp_yesterday
print(f"Is today cooler than yesterday? {cooler_today}")

Output:

Is today cooler than yesterday? True

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5. Greater than or equal to (>=)

The >= operator checks if the left operand is greater than or equal to the right operand. If it is, it returns True, otherwise it returns False.

Example:

x = 25
y = 25
result = x >= y
print(f"Is {x} greater than or equal to {y}? {result}")

Output:

Is 25 greater than or equal to 25? True

Real-world Example:

Praveen checks if the number of books he has is enough to give each of his 5 friends:

total_books = 5
friends = 5
enough_books = total_books >= friends
print(f"Does Praveen have enough books for his friends? {enough_books}")

Output:

Does Praveen have enough books for his friends? True

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6. Less than or equal to (<=)

The <= operator checks if the left operand is less than or equal to the right operand. If it is, it returns True, otherwise it returns False.

Example:

x = 15
y = 20
result = x <= y
print(f"Is {x} less than or equal to {y}? {result}")

Output:

Is 15 less than or equal to 20? True

Real-world Example:

Vasanta Kumar checks if the number of pages he has read is less than or equal to the total number of pages in the book:

pages_read = 150
total_pages = 300
on_track = pages_read <= total_pages
print(f"Has Vasanta Kumar read less than or equal to the total number of pages? {on_track}")

Output:

Has Vasanta Kumar read less than or equal to the total number of pages? True

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